Q23. Cyber warfare is considered by some defense analysts to be a larger threat than even Al Qaeda or terrorism. What do you understand by Cyberwarfare? Outline the cyber threats that India is vulnerable to and highlight the state of the country’s preparedness to deal with them.

Model Answer:

Introduction

Cyber warfare refers to the use of digital attacks by one nation or entity to disrupt, damage, or infiltrate the computer systems and infrastructure of another country. It is considered a major threat due to its ability to target critical systems, disrupt economies, and cause widespread panic without physical confrontation.

Body

Cyber Threats India is Vulnerable to

  • Critical Infrastructure Attacks: Threats to power grids, communication networks, and water supplies could cripple essential services.
  • Cyber Espionage: Targeting government and military networks to steal sensitive information, affecting national security.
  • Cyber Terrorism: Attacks on public institutions or critical infrastructure to instill fear and disrupt society.
  • Financial Sector Vulnerabilities: Risks to banking systems, leading to fraud, data theft, or financial instability.
  • Ransomware Attacks: Malicious software that locks critical systems, demanding payment to restore operations.
  • Social Media Manipulation: Exploitation of social platforms to spread disinformation and destabilize public order.

India’s Preparedness

  • National Cyber Security Policy (2013): Provides a framework for securing India's cyberspace, focusing on critical infrastructure protection and cybersecurity research.
  • Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In): Responds to cybersecurity incidents and provides alerts.
  • Cyber Defense Initiatives: The government is investing in strengthening its cyber defense capabilities, including setting up a National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre (NCIIPC).
  • Collaboration with International Agencies: India actively participates in global cybersecurity collaborations and information sharing.

Conclusion

‍Cyber warfare poses a significant threat to India’s national security. While the country has made strides in enhancing its cyber defense infrastructure, continued investment in technology, policy, and international cooperation is essential to stay ahead of emerging cyber threats.

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