Subject: Economy

India's push towards "Shree Anna" (millets) marks a significant shift in addressing nutritional security challenges through indigenous solutions. The country's leadership in declaring 2023 as the International Year of Millets demonstrates its commitment to promoting these climate-resilient superfoods.

Millets in India

Health and Nutritional Benefits of Millets

• Nutrient-Rich Profile: Millets are rich in proteins, minerals, and vitamins, making them effective in combating malnutrition indicators (36% stunting and 17% underweight among children under six).

• Disease Prevention: Scientific studies (2023-25) demonstrate millets' effectiveness in:

  • Reducing anemia prevalence.
  • Improving glycemic control.
  • Lowering risks of cardiovascular diseases.

• Dietary Diversity: Integration of different millet varieties (sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet) enhances nutritional intake and promotes sustainable dietary habits.

Role in Ensuring Food Security

• Production Leadership: India contributes 38% of global millet production (17.25 million metric tons in 2023), positioning it as the world's largest producer.

• Climate Resilience:

  • Drought-resistant nature ensures food availability in water-stressed regions.
  • Low input requirements make them suitable for marginal farmers.

Government Initiatives and Challenges

• Policy Support:

  • Implementation of PM Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana in 100 districts.
  • Integration into Mid-Day Meal schemes and Public Distribution System.

• Consumption Challenges:

  • Decline in per capita consumption from 15.89 kg (1960) to 4.2 kg (2010).
  • Changing dietary preferences and availability of cheaper alternatives.

The revival of millets through initiatives like "Shree Anna" and their integration into public nutrition programs presents a sustainable solution to India's nutritional challenges while promoting agricultural biodiversity and climate-resilient farming.